Adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm
Think of this as a special kind of puzzle-making tool called adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo. It's like a clever game where the scientists use random guesses to figure out the correct pieces (the noise levels) and swap them around until they get it just right – all without getting stuck in an infinite loop!
Technical definition
A Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that adapts its proposal distribution based on the current state of the simulation, aiming to efficiently explore the posterior distribution.